This book has 449 pages and gives the reader numerous comments on the official law text. It is also enhanced with a great number of figures (most of them with supporting colours). Many "Marine Guidance Notes (MGN" give the seafarer important information on how to handle the ship when risk of collision occurs.
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The following table of contents (ToC) gives an overview of the subjects treated in the book:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Also by P. Deseck IV
Preface XX
Preface to the 2007 edition XXI
Acknowledgement XXII
Introdiction 1
General layout of the 1972 Regelations 3
PART A - GENERAL
Rule 1 — Application
1.1 Application 5
1.2 Special Rules 6
1.3 Traffic Separation Schemes 7
Rule 2 — Responsibility
2.1 General 8
2.2 Good seamanship and special circumstances 8
2.3 Negligence in complying with the Rules 9
2.4 Precautions required by good seamanship 9
2.5 Departure from the Rules 13
Rule 3 — General definitions
3.1 General 15
3.2 Vessel 16
3.3 Power‑driven vessel 16
3.4 Sailing vessel 17
3.5 Vessel engaged in fishing 17
3.6 Seaplane 17
3.7 Vessel not under command 17
3.8 Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre 18
3.9 Vessels constrained by their draught 19
3.10 Underway 20
3.11 Length and breadth of a vessel 21
3.12 Vessels in sight of one another 21
3.14 WIG craft 21
PART B - STEERING AND SAILING RULES
Section I - Conduct of vessels in any conduct of visibility
Rule 4 — Application
Rule 5 — Look-out
5.1 General 23
5.2 A proper look‑out 23
5.3 By all available means appropriate 50
Rule 6 — Safe speed
6.1 General 57
6.2 The state of visibility 58
6.3 The traffic density 59
6.4 The manoeuvrability of the vessel 59
6.5 Background lights 62
6.6 The state of wind, sea and current 62
6.7 The draught in relation to the available depth of water 62
6.8 The fog signal that is heard 68
6.9 For vessels with operational radar 68
Rule 7 — Risk of collision
7.1 General 85
7.2 All available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances 86
7.3 Proper use of operational radar 96
7.3.1 Appropriate choice of range scale 96
7.3.2 Proper setting of the radar 97
7.3.3 Choice of appropriate display 97
7.3.4 Systematic plotting of observed echoes 98
1. Anti collision system 98
2. Collision avoidance system (CAS) 99
7.3.5 Observing by an experienced officer 101
7.4 Scanty information 102
7.5 Change of compass bearing 102
Rule 8 — Action to avoid collision
8.1 Positive action, in ample time, observing good seamanship 106
8.2 Substantial alterations of course and/or speed to be readily apparent 106
8.3 Alteration of course alone 108
8.4 Passing one another at a safe distance 108
8.5 Slackening of speed 109
8.6 Not to impede the passage of another vessel 111
Rule 9 — Narrow channels
9.1 Narrow channel or fairway 113
9.2 Vessels of less than 20 metres and all sailing vessels 115
9.3 Fishing craft 116
9.4 Crossing a narrow channel or fairway 116
9.5 Overtaking in a narrow channel or fairway 117
9.6 Bends in a channel or fairway 119
9.7 Anchoring in a narrow channel 120
Rule 10 — Traffic separation schemes
10.1 General 122
General provisions on ships’ routeing
1. OBJECTIVES 125
2. DEFINITIONS 125
3. PROCEDURES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 127
4. METHODS 131
Citation and commencement 153
Interpretation 153
Duty to comply with adopted mandatory ships' routeing 153
Offences and penalties 153
Application 155
Procedure within a Traffic Lane 156
Inshore Zones 156
Anchoring within a Separation Zone 156
Vessels not using a Scheme 156
Fishing Vessels 156
Sailing Vessels and Small Craft 157
Vessels engaged in Safety of Navigation Operations 157
Cable Laying Operations 157
Precautionary Areas 157
10.2 Application 159
10.3 Vessels using a traffic separation scheme 159
10.4 Vessels crosSing a traffic lane 160
1. Slow power‑driven vessel crossing a traffic lane with a strong current 161
2. Sailing vessel crossing a traffic lane with a wind 90° to the lanes 162
10.5 Inshore traffic zones 164
10.6 Separation zones or lines 164
10.7 Terminations of separation schemes 164
10.8 Anchoring in a separation scheme 165
10.9 Vessels not using a separation scheme 165
10.10 Fishing vessels 165
10.11 Small craft and sailing vessels 165
10.12 Vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre 165
Navigation in the Dover Strait (MGN 128 (M + F) 166
Introduction 167
Mandatory reporting systems 167
Inshore Traffic Zones 167
Regulations for Prevention of Collisions – General 168
Crossing Traffic 169
Rules 10(b)(ii) and 10(b)(iii) 169
Section II - Conduct of vessels in sight of one another
Rule 11 – Application
Rule 12 - Sailing vessels
12.1 General 170
12.2 Point of sailing of the vessel 171
12.3 The winward and leeward side of the sailing vessel 171
12.4. The windward and leeward sailing vessel 172
12.4.1 The port and starboard tack rule 172
12.4.2 The windward and leeward rule 173
12.4.3 The port tack rule for doubtful cases 173
Rule 13 - Overtaking
13.1 Rule 13 is exclusive 180
13.2 When is a vessel overtaking 182
13.3 When is a vessel more than 22.5° abaft the beam of another vessel 180
13.4 Action to be taken by the overtaking vessel 184
Rule 14 - Head-on situation
14.1 Application and action to be taken 186
14.2 When are two vessels meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses ? 187
14.3 In case of doubt 187
Rule 15 - Crossing situation
15.1 General 189
15.2 Crossing situation 189
15.3 Give-way vessel 189
15.4 Action by give-way vessel 190
Rule 16 - Action by give-way vessel
Rule 17 - Action by stand-on vessel
17.1 Application 193
17.2 The stand‑on vessel may take action 194
17.3 The last moment action 196
17.4 Avoid altering course to port 197
17.5 Duty of the give-way vessel 198
Rule 18 - Responsibilities between vessels
18.1 General 200
18.2 Power-driven vessel 201
18.3 Sailing vessel 202
18.4 Vessel engaged in fishing 203
18.5 Vessels constrained by their draught 205
18.6 Seaplanes 205
18.7 WIG CRAFTS 205
Section III - Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility
Rule 19 - Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility
19.1 Application 206
19.2 Safe speed 207
19.3 Safety measures prescribed in Section I of Part B 208
19.4 Detection by radar alone 208
19.5 Fog signal apparently forward of the beam, when there is risk of collision 209
Navigation in fog (MGN) (M+F) 211
PART C - LIGHTS AND SHAPES
Rule 20 - Application
20.1 In all weather conditions 214
20.2 No other lights which may create confusion 214
20.3 By day 215
20.4 Shapes 215
20.5 Technical data 215
Rule 21 - Definitions
21.1 General 216
21.2 Masthead light 216
21.3 Sidelights 217
21.4 Sternlight 218
21.5 Towing light 218
21.6 All‑round light 218
21.7 Flashing light 219
Rule 22 - Visibility of lights
Rule 23 - Power-driven vessels underway
23.1 Power-driven vessel 228
23.1.1 A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit 228
23.2 Power-driven vessel less than 20 metres in length 231
23.2.1 Determination of the course of a vessel by means of her lights 233
23.3 Air-cushion vessel - Hovercraft 236
26.1 Maritime fishing methods 277
26.1.1 Species of fish 277
26.1.2 Fishing methods 279
26.1.2.1 TOWED OR DRAGGED GEAR 279
26.1.2.2 ENCIRCLING GEAR 279
26.4.2 The Ring Net (or purse seine) 301
26.4.2.1 SETTING AND HAULING THE PURSE SEINE 301
26.5 Static gear 303
26.5.2 Long lines 307
26.12.3 Compulsory masthead light 326
26.12.4 Fishing vessels other man trawlers 327
26.12.4.1 Fishing gear extending 150 metres or less 327
26.12.4.2 Fishing gear extending more than 150 metres 327
26.12.5 Making way or stopped 327
26.12.6 Signals to attract attention 328
26.12.7 Daymarks 328
26.12.8 Vessels engaged in fishing when at anchor 329
26.12.9 Vessels fishing in close proximity 329
Rule 27 - Vessels not under command or restricted in their ability to manoeuvre
27.1 General 331
27.2 Vessels not under command 332
27.2.1 A vessel not under command shall exhibit: 334
27.2.1.1 AT NIGHT: 334
27.2.1.2 BYDAY: 334
27.3 Vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre (other than minesweepers) 336
27.3.1 A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre and underway shall exhibit: (For vessels engaged in minesweeping operations, see paragraph 27.7) 338
27.3.1.1 AT NIGHT: 338
27.3.1.2 BY DAY: 339
27.3.2 A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, at anchor, shall exhibit: 340
27.3.2.1 AT NIGHT: 340
27.3.2.2 BY DAY: 341
27.4 Vessels towing and unable to deviate from their course 344
27.4.1 A power-driven vessel towing and unable to deviate from her course shall exhibit: 345
27.4.1.1 AT NIGHT: 345
27.4.1.2 BY DAY: 345
27.5 Vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre, engaged in dredging or underwater operations, if there is an obstruction 346
27.5.1.1 AT NIGHT: 348
27.5.1.2 BY DAY: 348
27.5.1.3 AT ANCHOR: 348
27.6 Small vessel engaged in diving operations 349
27.7 Minesweepers 350
27.7.1.1 AT NIGHT: 351
27.7.1.2 BY DAY: 351
Rule 28 - Vessels constrained by their draught
28.1 General 353
28.1.1 A vessel constrained by her draught may, in addition to the ordinary navigation lights, exhibit: 353
28.1.1.1 AT NIGHT: 353
28.1.1.2 BY DAY: 354
28.2 Vessels constrained by their draught 354
28.3 No absolute priority 355
Rule 29 - Pilot vessels
29.1 General 356
29.1.1 A pilot vessel engaged on pilotage duty 357
29.2 Pilot vessel at anchor 358
29.2.1 A pilot vessel engaged on pilotage duty, at anchor 358
29.2.1.1 AT NIGHT 358
29.2.1.2 BY DAY 359
29.3 Pilot vessel 359
29.4 Pilot 359
29.5 Pilot vessels by day 360
29.6 Pilot lights 360
29.7 Making way or stopped 360
29.8 Pilot vessel at anchor 360
Rule 30 - Anchored vessels and vessels aground
30.1 General 361
30.2 Vessel at anchor 362
30.2.1.1 AT NIGHT: 362
30.2.1.1.1 Less than 50 metres in length: 362
30.2.1.1.2 More or less than 50 metres in length: 362
30.2.1.1.3 More or less than 100 metres in length: 363
30.2.1.2 BY DAY: 363
30.3 Vessel aground 364
30.3.1.1 AT NIGHT: 364
30.3.1.2 BY DAY: 364
30.4 Vessel at anchor 365
30.5 One or two anchor lights 365
30.6 Passing a vessel at anchor 366
30.7 Working lights for vessels at anchor 366
30.8 Vessel aground 366
30.9 Small vessels 367
Rule 31 - Seaplanes
ADDITIONAL LIGHTS AND SHAPES
A. Minelaying, Minehunting and Minesweeping operations 369
A.1 A vessel engaged in minehunting operations shall exhibit: 370
A.1.1 AT NIGHT: . 370
A.1.2 BY DAY: 370
A.2 Small vessels or inflatable dinghies with divers at work shall exhibit: 370
B. Identification light for submarines 372
B.1 A submarine underway on the surface may, in addition to the prescribed lights, exhibit: 373
C. British Submarines 373
D.. Warships of more than 50 metres in length 374
E. Aircraft-carriers 375
F. Dracones 376
F.1 A power-driven vessel engaged in towing one or more dracones shall exhibit: 377
F.1.1 AT NIGHT: 377
F.1.2 BY DAY: 377
F.2 A dracone being towed by a power-driven vessel shall exhibit: 377
F..21 AT NIGHT: 377
F.2.2 BY DAY: 378
PART D - SOUND AND LIGHT SIGNALS
Rule 32 - Definitions
Rule 33 - Equipment for sound signals
Rule 34 - Manoeuvring and warning signals
34.1 Vessels in sight of one another 383
34.2 Manoeuvring signals 383
34.3 Warning signals 383
34.4 Signals to indicate course alterations 384
34.5 Light signals 385
34.6 Overtaking signals 385
34.7 Warning signals 388
34.8 Sailing vessels 388
Rule 35 - Sound signals in restricted visibility
35.1 Restricted visibility 390
35.2 In or near an area of restricted visibility 390
35.3 Propagation of sound 390
35.4 Maximum intervals 391
35.5 Fof signals 391
35.5.1 A power‑driven vessel underway and making way through the water 391
35.5.2 A power‑driven vessel underway and not making way through me water 391
35.5.3 A vessel not under command 392
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Also by P. Deseck IV
Preface XX
Preface to the 2007 edition XXI
Acknowledgement XXII
Introdiction 1
General layout of the 1972 Regelations 3
PART A - GENERAL
Rule 1 — Application
1.1 Application 5
1.2 Special Rules 6
1.3 Traffic Separation Schemes 7
Rule 2 — Responsibility
2.1 General 8
2.2 Good seamanship and special circumstances 8
2.3 Negligence in complying with the Rules 9
2.4 Precautions required by good seamanship 9
2.5 Departure from the Rules 13
Rule 3 — General definitions
3.1 General 15
3.2 Vessel 16
3.3 Power‑driven vessel 16
3.4 Sailing vessel 17
3.5 Vessel engaged in fishing 17
3.6 Seaplane 17
3.7 Vessel not under command 17
3.8 Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre 18
3.9 Vessels constrained by their draught 19
3.10 Underway 20
3.11 Length and breadth of a vessel 21
3.12 Vessels in sight of one another 21
3.14 WIG craft 21
PART B - STEERING AND SAILING RULES
Section I - Conduct of vessels in any conduct of visibility
Rule 4 — Application
Rule 5 — Look-out
5.1 General 23
5.2 A proper look‑out 23
5.3 By all available means appropriate 50
Rule 6 — Safe speed
6.1 General 57
6.2 The state of visibility 58
6.3 The traffic density 59
6.4 The manoeuvrability of the vessel 59
6.5 Background lights 62
6.6 The state of wind, sea and current 62
6.7 The draught in relation to the available depth of water 62
6.8 The fog signal that is heard 68
6.9 For vessels with operational radar 68
6.9.1 Characteristics, efficiency, limitations of radar equipment 71
6.9.2 Range scale in use 72
6.9.3 The sea state, weather conditions and other sources of nterference 72
6.9.4 Small vessels, ice and other floating objects 73
6.9.5 The number, location and movement of vessels detected 74
6.9.6 Assessment of visibility 7
6.9.3 The sea state, weather conditions and other sources of nterference 72
6.9.4 Small vessels, ice and other floating objects 73
6.9.5 The number, location and movement of vessels detected 74
6.9.6 Assessment of visibility 7
Rule 7 — Risk of collision
7.1 General 85
7.2 All available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances 86
7.3 Proper use of operational radar 96
7.3.1 Appropriate choice of range scale 96
7.3.2 Proper setting of the radar 97
7.3.3 Choice of appropriate display 97
7.3.4 Systematic plotting of observed echoes 98
1. Anti collision system 98
2. Collision avoidance system (CAS) 99
7.3.5 Observing by an experienced officer 101
7.4 Scanty information 102
7.5 Change of compass bearing 102
Rule 8 — Action to avoid collision
8.1 Positive action, in ample time, observing good seamanship 106
8.2 Substantial alterations of course and/or speed to be readily apparent 106
8.3 Alteration of course alone 108
8.4 Passing one another at a safe distance 108
8.5 Slackening of speed 109
8.6 Not to impede the passage of another vessel 111
Rule 9 — Narrow channels
9.1 Narrow channel or fairway 113
9.2 Vessels of less than 20 metres and all sailing vessels 115
9.3 Fishing craft 116
9.4 Crossing a narrow channel or fairway 116
9.5 Overtaking in a narrow channel or fairway 117
9.6 Bends in a channel or fairway 119
9.7 Anchoring in a narrow channel 120
Rule 10 — Traffic separation schemes
10.1 General 122
General provisions on ships’ routeing
1. OBJECTIVES 125
2. DEFINITIONS 125
3. PROCEDURES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 127
Procedures and functions of IMO 127
Responsibilities of Governments and recommended and compulsory practices 128
Responsibilities of Governments and recommended and compulsory practices 128
4. METHODS 131
4.1 The separation of opposing streams of traffic by separation zones, or lines where zones
are not possible 131
are not possible 131
4.2 The separation of opposing streams of traffic by natural obstructions and geographically
defined objects 132
4.3 The separation of through and local traffic by providing inshore traffic zones 132
4.4 The sectorial division of adjacent traffic separation schemes at approaches to focal points 133
4.5 The routeing of traffic at focal points and route junctions where traffic separation schemes
meet 133
5. PLANNING 138
6. DESIGN CRITERIA 139
5. PLANNING 138
6. DESIGN CRITERIA 139
General 140
Mandatory routeing systems 141
Converging and junction areas 142
Deep‑water routes 142
7. TEMPORARY ADJUSTMENTS AND SUSPENSIONS 142
Mandatory routeing systems 145
8. USE OF ROUTEING SYSTEMS 145
9. REPRESENTATION ON CHARTS 146
Guidelines on the carriage of nautical publications 150
1. General 150
2. Requirement to carry nautical publications 150
3. Charts 150
4. Publications 151
Statutory Instrument 1997 No. 1341 152
The Merchant Shipping (Mandatory Ships' Routeing) Regulations 1997 152
Mandatory routeing systems 141
Converging and junction areas 142
Deep‑water routes 142
7. TEMPORARY ADJUSTMENTS AND SUSPENSIONS 142
Mandatory routeing systems 145
8. USE OF ROUTEING SYSTEMS 145
9. REPRESENTATION ON CHARTS 146
Guidelines on the carriage of nautical publications 150
1. General 150
2. Requirement to carry nautical publications 150
3. Charts 150
4. Publications 151
Statutory Instrument 1997 No. 1341 152
The Merchant Shipping (Mandatory Ships' Routeing) Regulations 1997 152
Citation and commencement 153
Interpretation 153
Duty to comply with adopted mandatory ships' routeing 153
Offences and penalties 153
Application 155
Procedure within a Traffic Lane 156
Inshore Zones 156
Anchoring within a Separation Zone 156
Vessels not using a Scheme 156
Fishing Vessels 156
Sailing Vessels and Small Craft 157
Vessels engaged in Safety of Navigation Operations 157
Cable Laying Operations 157
Precautionary Areas 157
10.2 Application 159
10.3 Vessels using a traffic separation scheme 159
10.4 Vessels crosSing a traffic lane 160
1. Slow power‑driven vessel crossing a traffic lane with a strong current 161
2. Sailing vessel crossing a traffic lane with a wind 90° to the lanes 162
10.5 Inshore traffic zones 164
10.6 Separation zones or lines 164
10.7 Terminations of separation schemes 164
10.8 Anchoring in a separation scheme 165
10.9 Vessels not using a separation scheme 165
10.10 Fishing vessels 165
10.11 Small craft and sailing vessels 165
10.12 Vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre 165
Navigation in the Dover Strait (MGN 128 (M + F) 166
Introduction 167
Mandatory reporting systems 167
Inshore Traffic Zones 167
Regulations for Prevention of Collisions – General 168
Crossing Traffic 169
Rules 10(b)(ii) and 10(b)(iii) 169
Section II - Conduct of vessels in sight of one another
Rule 11 – Application
Rule 12 - Sailing vessels
12.1 General 170
12.2 Point of sailing of the vessel 171
12.3 The winward and leeward side of the sailing vessel 171
12.4. The windward and leeward sailing vessel 172
12.4.1 The port and starboard tack rule 172
12.4.2 The windward and leeward rule 173
12.4.3 The port tack rule for doubtful cases 173
Rule 13 - Overtaking
13.1 Rule 13 is exclusive 180
13.2 When is a vessel overtaking 182
13.3 When is a vessel more than 22.5° abaft the beam of another vessel 180
13.4 Action to be taken by the overtaking vessel 184
Rule 14 - Head-on situation
14.1 Application and action to be taken 186
14.2 When are two vessels meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses ? 187
14.3 In case of doubt 187
Rule 15 - Crossing situation
15.1 General 189
15.2 Crossing situation 189
15.3 Give-way vessel 189
15.4 Action by give-way vessel 190
Rule 16 - Action by give-way vessel
Rule 17 - Action by stand-on vessel
17.1 Application 193
17.2 The stand‑on vessel may take action 194
17.3 The last moment action 196
17.4 Avoid altering course to port 197
17.5 Duty of the give-way vessel 198
Rule 18 - Responsibilities between vessels
18.1 General 200
18.2 Power-driven vessel 201
18.3 Sailing vessel 202
18.4 Vessel engaged in fishing 203
18.5 Vessels constrained by their draught 205
18.6 Seaplanes 205
18.7 WIG CRAFTS 205
Section III - Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility
Rule 19 - Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility
19.1 Application 206
19.2 Safe speed 207
19.3 Safety measures prescribed in Section I of Part B 208
19.4 Detection by radar alone 208
19.5 Fog signal apparently forward of the beam, when there is risk of collision 209
Navigation in fog (MGN) (M+F) 211
PART C - LIGHTS AND SHAPES
Rule 20 - Application
20.1 In all weather conditions 214
20.2 No other lights which may create confusion 214
20.3 By day 215
20.4 Shapes 215
20.5 Technical data 215
Rule 21 - Definitions
21.1 General 216
21.2 Masthead light 216
21.3 Sidelights 217
21.4 Sternlight 218
21.5 Towing light 218
21.6 All‑round light 218
21.7 Flashing light 219
Rule 22 - Visibility of lights
Rule 23 - Power-driven vessels underway
23.1 Power-driven vessel 228
23.1.1 A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit 228
23.2 Power-driven vessel less than 20 metres in length 231
23.2.1 Determination of the course of a vessel by means of her lights 233
23.3 Air-cushion vessel - Hovercraft 236
23.3.1 An air‑cushion vessel (Hovercraft), when underway without draught, shall exhibit: 237
23.4 Very small power-driven vessel 238
23.4.1 Power-driven vessel of less than 12 metres in length 238
23.4.2 Power-driven vessel of lees than 7 metres in length; maximum speed of 7 knots 239
Rule 24 - Towing and pushing
24.1 General 242
24.2 Power-driven vessel engaged in towing, length of tow 200 metres or less 243
24.3 Power-driven vessel towing, tow more than 200 metres 246
24.4 Composite unit 250
24.5 A power-driven vessel when pushing aheador towing alongside 251
24.6 Conspicuous vessel being towed, pushed or towed alongside 252
23.4 Very small power-driven vessel 238
23.4.1 Power-driven vessel of less than 12 metres in length 238
23.4.2 Power-driven vessel of lees than 7 metres in length; maximum speed of 7 knots 239
Rule 24 - Towing and pushing
24.1 General 242
24.2 Power-driven vessel engaged in towing, length of tow 200 metres or less 243
24.3 Power-driven vessel towing, tow more than 200 metres 246
24.4 Composite unit 250
24.5 A power-driven vessel when pushing aheador towing alongside 251
24.6 Conspicuous vessel being towed, pushed or towed alongside 252
24.6.1 A conspicuous vessel or object being towed shall exhibit: 252
24.6.2 A vessel being pushed ahead but not being part of a composite unit shall exhibit: 253
24.6.3 A vessel being towed alongide shall exhibit: 253
24.7 Inconspicuous vessel being towed 255
24.7.1 An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object, or a combination of such vessels or
objects being towed, shell exhibit: 256
24.7.1.1 AT NIGHT: 256
24.6.2 A vessel being pushed ahead but not being part of a composite unit shall exhibit: 253
24.6.3 A vessel being towed alongide shall exhibit: 253
24.7 Inconspicuous vessel being towed 255
24.7.1 An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object, or a combination of such vessels or
objects being towed, shell exhibit: 256
24.7.1.1 AT NIGHT: 256
24.7.1.1.1 Less than 25 metres in breadth and 100 metres or less in length: 256
24.7.1.1.2 25 metres or more in breadth and 100 metres or less in length: 256
24.7.1.1.3 Less than 25 metres in breadth and more than 100 metres in length: 257
24.7.1.1.4 25 metres or more in breadth and more than 100 metres in length: 257
24.7.1.2 BY DAY 258
24.7.1.1.2 25 metres or more in breadth and 100 metres or less in length: 256
24.7.1.1.3 Less than 25 metres in breadth and more than 100 metres in length: 257
24.7.1.1.4 25 metres or more in breadth and more than 100 metres in length: 257
24.7.1.2 BY DAY 258
24.7.1.2.1 Lengths of tow 200 metres or less: 58
24.7.1.2.2 Lengths of tow more than 200 metres: 258
24.8 Vessel being towed unable to exhibit the lights 259
24.9 Vessel towing not normally engaged in towing operations 259
24.10 General considerations 260
Rule 25 - Sailing vessels underway and vessels under oars
25.1 General 266
25.2 Sailing vessel of any size 267
25.3 Sailing vessel less the 20 metres in length 268
25.4 Sailing vessel with additional lights 269
25.5 Sailing vessels less than 7 metres in length or vessels under oars 271
25.6 A vessel under sail and propelled by machinery 272
25.7 General considerations 272
25.7.1 Sailing vessel 272
25.7.2 Optional all‑round red and green lights 273
25.7.3 Three‑colour lantern 273
25.7.4 Sailing vessels less than 7 metres in length 274
Rule 26 - Fishing vessels
24.7.1.2.2 Lengths of tow more than 200 metres: 258
24.8 Vessel being towed unable to exhibit the lights 259
24.9 Vessel towing not normally engaged in towing operations 259
24.10 General considerations 260
Rule 25 - Sailing vessels underway and vessels under oars
25.1 General 266
25.2 Sailing vessel of any size 267
25.3 Sailing vessel less the 20 metres in length 268
25.4 Sailing vessel with additional lights 269
25.5 Sailing vessels less than 7 metres in length or vessels under oars 271
25.6 A vessel under sail and propelled by machinery 272
25.7 General considerations 272
25.7.1 Sailing vessel 272
25.7.2 Optional all‑round red and green lights 273
25.7.3 Three‑colour lantern 273
25.7.4 Sailing vessels less than 7 metres in length 274
Rule 26 - Fishing vessels
26.1 Maritime fishing methods 277
26.1.1 Species of fish 277
26.1.2 Fishing methods 279
26.1.2.1 TOWED OR DRAGGED GEAR 279
26.1.2.2 ENCIRCLING GEAR 279
26.1.2.3 STATIC GEAR 279
26.1.2.4 OTHER GEAR: 280
I. Fishing Gear
26.2 General 280
26.3 Towed or dragged gear 281
I. Fishing Gear
26.2 General 280
26.3 Towed or dragged gear 281
26.3.1 Trawling 281
26.3.1.1 OTTER TRAWL 281
26.3.1.2 THE VIGNERON‑DAHL TRAWL 284
26.3.1.3 THE HERRING TRAWL 285
26.3.1.3.1 Setting and hauling the bottom trawl 285
26.3.1.3 THE HERRING TRAWL 285
26.3.1.3.1 Setting and hauling the bottom trawl 285
26.3.1.4 BEAM TRAWLING 288
26.3.1.4.1 Beam trawling using otter trawls 289
26.3.1.4.2 Twin‑rig trawling using beam trawls 290
26.3.1.4.3 Advantages and disadvantages of the beam trawl compared with the otter trawl 292
26.3.1.5 MID‑WATER TRAWL OR FLOATING TRAWL 292
26.3.1.6 PAIR TRAWLING 294
26.3.1.4.2 Twin‑rig trawling using beam trawls 290
26.3.1.4.3 Advantages and disadvantages of the beam trawl compared with the otter trawl 292
26.3.1.5 MID‑WATER TRAWL OR FLOATING TRAWL 292
26.3.1.6 PAIR TRAWLING 294
26.3.1.6.1 Bottom pair trawling 294
26.3.1.6.2 Pair mid‑water trawling 295
26.3.2 Caution is required when meeting trawlers 296
26.3.3 Fishing grounds 296
26.4 Encircling gear (or surrounding gear) 297
26.3.1.6.2 Pair mid‑water trawling 295
26.3.2 Caution is required when meeting trawlers 296
26.3.3 Fishing grounds 296
26.4 Encircling gear (or surrounding gear) 297
26.4.1 The Danish Seine Net (or Seine Net) 297
26.4.1.1 SETTING AND HAULING THE SEINE 298
26.4.1.1 SETTING AND HAULING THE SEINE 298
26.4.2 The Ring Net (or purse seine) 301
26.4.2.1 SETTING AND HAULING THE PURSE SEINE 301
26.5 Static gear 303
26.5.1 Drift Nets or Gillnets 303
26.5.1.1 SHOOTING AND HAULING THE FLEET 306
26.5.1.1 SHOOTING AND HAULING THE FLEET 306
26.5.2 Long lines 307
26.5.2.1 THE BOTTOM LONG LINE 308
26.5.2.1.1 Setting and hauling the bottom long line 308
26.5.2.1.1 Setting and hauling the bottom long line 308
26.5.2.2 THE SUB‑SURFACE LONG LINE 309
26.5.2.2.1 Setting and hauling the sub‑surface long line 310
26.6 Other fishing gear 310
26.6.1 Trolling 310
II. Lights and shapes of fishing vessels
26.8 Vessels engaged in trawling 314
26.8.1 A trawler shall exhibit: 315
26.8.2 A vessel engaged in trawling of more than 50 metres in length 316
26.9 Vessels engaged in fishing other than trawling 318
26.9.1 Vessels engaged in fishing, other than trawling, with outlying gear extending 150 metres or less 320
26.9.2 Vessels engaged in fishing, other than trawling, with outlying gear extending more than 150
26.6 Other fishing gear 310
26.6.1 Trolling 310
II. Lights and shapes of fishing vessels
26.8 Vessels engaged in trawling 314
26.8.1 A trawler shall exhibit: 315
26.8.2 A vessel engaged in trawling of more than 50 metres in length 316
26.9 Vessels engaged in fishing other than trawling 318
26.9.1 Vessels engaged in fishing, other than trawling, with outlying gear extending 150 metres or less 320
26.9.2 Vessels engaged in fishing, other than trawling, with outlying gear extending more than 150
metres 323
26.10 Trawlers and vessels engaged in fishing, other than trawling, with outlying gear extending 150 metres or less. 324
26.11 Vessels engaged in fishing, other than trawling, with outlying gear extending 150 metres or more. 325
26.12 General considerations 326
26.11 Vessels engaged in fishing, other than trawling, with outlying gear extending 150 metres or more. 325
26.12 General considerations 326
26.12.1 Vessel engaged in fishing 326
26.12.2 Trawlers 32626.12.3 Compulsory masthead light 326
26.12.4 Fishing vessels other man trawlers 327
26.12.4.1 Fishing gear extending 150 metres or less 327
26.12.4.2 Fishing gear extending more than 150 metres 327
26.12.5 Making way or stopped 327
26.12.6 Signals to attract attention 328
26.12.7 Daymarks 328
26.12.8 Vessels engaged in fishing when at anchor 329
26.12.9 Vessels fishing in close proximity 329
Rule 27 - Vessels not under command or restricted in their ability to manoeuvre
27.1 General 331
27.2 Vessels not under command 332
27.2.1 A vessel not under command shall exhibit: 334
27.2.1.1 AT NIGHT: 334
27.2.1.2 BYDAY: 334
27.3 Vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre (other than minesweepers) 336
27.3.1 A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre and underway shall exhibit: (For vessels engaged in minesweeping operations, see paragraph 27.7) 338
27.3.1.1 AT NIGHT: 338
27.3.1.2 BY DAY: 339
27.3.2 A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, at anchor, shall exhibit: 340
27.3.2.1 AT NIGHT: 340
27.3.2.2 BY DAY: 341
27.4 Vessels towing and unable to deviate from their course 344
27.4.1 A power-driven vessel towing and unable to deviate from her course shall exhibit: 345
27.4.1.1 AT NIGHT: 345
27.4.1.2 BY DAY: 345
27.5 Vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre, engaged in dredging or underwater operations, if there is an obstruction 346
27.5.1.1 AT NIGHT: 348
27.5.1.2 BY DAY: 348
27.5.1.3 AT ANCHOR: 348
27.6 Small vessel engaged in diving operations 349
27.7 Minesweepers 350
27.7.1.1 AT NIGHT: 351
27.7.1.2 BY DAY: 351
Rule 28 - Vessels constrained by their draught
28.1 General 353
28.1.1 A vessel constrained by her draught may, in addition to the ordinary navigation lights, exhibit: 353
28.1.1.1 AT NIGHT: 353
28.1.1.2 BY DAY: 354
28.2 Vessels constrained by their draught 354
28.3 No absolute priority 355
Rule 29 - Pilot vessels
29.1 General 356
29.1.1 A pilot vessel engaged on pilotage duty 357
29.2 Pilot vessel at anchor 358
29.2.1 A pilot vessel engaged on pilotage duty, at anchor 358
29.2.1.1 AT NIGHT 358
29.2.1.2 BY DAY 359
29.3 Pilot vessel 359
29.4 Pilot 359
29.5 Pilot vessels by day 360
29.6 Pilot lights 360
29.7 Making way or stopped 360
29.8 Pilot vessel at anchor 360
Rule 30 - Anchored vessels and vessels aground
30.1 General 361
30.2 Vessel at anchor 362
30.2.1.1 AT NIGHT: 362
30.2.1.1.1 Less than 50 metres in length: 362
30.2.1.1.2 More or less than 50 metres in length: 362
30.2.1.1.3 More or less than 100 metres in length: 363
30.2.1.2 BY DAY: 363
30.3 Vessel aground 364
30.3.1.1 AT NIGHT: 364
30.3.1.2 BY DAY: 364
30.4 Vessel at anchor 365
30.5 One or two anchor lights 365
30.6 Passing a vessel at anchor 366
30.7 Working lights for vessels at anchor 366
30.8 Vessel aground 366
30.9 Small vessels 367
Rule 31 - Seaplanes
ADDITIONAL LIGHTS AND SHAPES
A. Minelaying, Minehunting and Minesweeping operations 369
A.1 A vessel engaged in minehunting operations shall exhibit: 370
A.1.1 AT NIGHT: . 370
A.1.2 BY DAY: 370
A.2 Small vessels or inflatable dinghies with divers at work shall exhibit: 370
B. Identification light for submarines 372
B.1 A submarine underway on the surface may, in addition to the prescribed lights, exhibit: 373
C. British Submarines 373
D.. Warships of more than 50 metres in length 374
E. Aircraft-carriers 375
F. Dracones 376
F.1 A power-driven vessel engaged in towing one or more dracones shall exhibit: 377
F.1.1 AT NIGHT: 377
F.1.2 BY DAY: 377
F.2 A dracone being towed by a power-driven vessel shall exhibit: 377
F..21 AT NIGHT: 377
F.2.2 BY DAY: 378
PART D - SOUND AND LIGHT SIGNALS
Rule 32 - Definitions
Rule 33 - Equipment for sound signals
Rule 34 - Manoeuvring and warning signals
34.1 Vessels in sight of one another 383
34.2 Manoeuvring signals 383
34.3 Warning signals 383
34.4 Signals to indicate course alterations 384
34.5 Light signals 385
34.6 Overtaking signals 385
34.7 Warning signals 388
34.8 Sailing vessels 388
Rule 35 - Sound signals in restricted visibility
35.1 Restricted visibility 390
35.2 In or near an area of restricted visibility 390
35.3 Propagation of sound 390
35.4 Maximum intervals 391
35.5 Fof signals 391
35.5.1 A power‑driven vessel underway and making way through the water 391
35.5.2 A power‑driven vessel underway and not making way through me water 391
35.5.3 A vessel not under command 392
A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre 392
A vessel constrained by her draught 392
A sailing vessel 392
A vessel engaged in fishing 392
A vessel engaged in towing or pushing 392
35.5.4 Vessel engaged in fishing and vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre at anchor 395
35.5.5 The last vessel being towed if manned 395
35.5.6 Vessels at anchor 395
35.5.6.1 Vessels of less than 100 metres in length 395
35.5.6.2 Vessels of 100 metres or more in length 396
35.5.6.3 Any vessel at anchor 396
35.5.7 Vessels aground 397
35.5.7.1 Vessels of less than 100 metres in length 397
35.5.7.2 Vessels of 100 metres or more in length 397
35.5.7.3 Any vessel aground 397
35.5.8 Vessel of 12 metres or more but less than 20 metres in length 398
35.5.9 Vessel of less than 12 metres in length 398
35.5.10 A pilot vessel engaged on pilotage duty 399
Rule 36 - Signals to attract attention
A vessel constrained by her draught 392
A sailing vessel 392
A vessel engaged in fishing 392
A vessel engaged in towing or pushing 392
35.5.4 Vessel engaged in fishing and vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre at anchor 395
35.5.5 The last vessel being towed if manned 395
35.5.6 Vessels at anchor 395
35.5.6.1 Vessels of less than 100 metres in length 395
35.5.6.2 Vessels of 100 metres or more in length 396
35.5.6.3 Any vessel at anchor 396
35.5.7 Vessels aground 397
35.5.7.1 Vessels of less than 100 metres in length 397
35.5.7.2 Vessels of 100 metres or more in length 397
35.5.7.3 Any vessel aground 397
35.5.8 Vessel of 12 metres or more but less than 20 metres in length 398
35.5.9 Vessel of less than 12 metres in length 398
35.5.10 A pilot vessel engaged on pilotage duty 399
Rule 36 - Signals to attract attention
Rule 37 - Distress signals
PART E - EXEMPTIONS
Rule 38 - Exemptions
ANNEX I - Positioning and technical details of lights and shapes
AI.1 Definition 412
AI.2 Vertical positioning and spacing of lights 412
AI.2.1 Power-driven vessel of 20 metres or more in length (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (a)) 412
AI.2.2 Power-driven vessel, between 12 and 20 metres in length (Annex I, Paragraph 2(c)) 413
AI.2.3 Power-driven vessel of less than 12 metres in length (Annex I, Paragraph 2(d)) 413
AI.2.4 Red-white-red lights and three red lights (Annex I, Paragraph 2f (ii)) 413
AI.2.5 Sidelights (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (g)) 414
AI.2.6 Power-driven vessel of less than 20 metres in length with combined lantern (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (h)) 414
AI.2.7 Two or three lights in a vertical line (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (i)) 415
AI.2.7.1 Vessels of 20 metres or more in length 415
AI.2.7.2 Vessels of less than 20 metres in length 416
AI.2.8 Vessels engaged in fishing (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (j)) 416
AI.2.9 Vessels at anchor (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (k)) 417
AI.3 Horizontal positioning and spacing of lights 417
AI.4 Details of location of direction-indicating lights for fishing vessels, dredgers and vessels engaged in underwater operations 419
AI.4.1 Fishing vessels (Annex I, Paragraph 4 (a)) 419
AI.4.2 Dredgers and vessels engaged in underwater operations (Annex I, Paragraph 4 (b)) 419
PART E - EXEMPTIONS
Rule 38 - Exemptions
ANNEX I - Positioning and technical details of lights and shapes
AI.1 Definition 412
AI.2 Vertical positioning and spacing of lights 412
AI.2.1 Power-driven vessel of 20 metres or more in length (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (a)) 412
AI.2.2 Power-driven vessel, between 12 and 20 metres in length (Annex I, Paragraph 2(c)) 413
AI.2.3 Power-driven vessel of less than 12 metres in length (Annex I, Paragraph 2(d)) 413
AI.2.4 Red-white-red lights and three red lights (Annex I, Paragraph 2f (ii)) 413
AI.2.5 Sidelights (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (g)) 414
AI.2.6 Power-driven vessel of less than 20 metres in length with combined lantern (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (h)) 414
AI.2.7 Two or three lights in a vertical line (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (i)) 415
AI.2.7.1 Vessels of 20 metres or more in length 415
AI.2.7.2 Vessels of less than 20 metres in length 416
AI.2.8 Vessels engaged in fishing (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (j)) 416
AI.2.9 Vessels at anchor (Annex I, Paragraph 2 (k)) 417
AI.3 Horizontal positioning and spacing of lights 417
AI.4 Details of location of direction-indicating lights for fishing vessels, dredgers and vessels engaged in underwater operations 419
AI.4.1 Fishing vessels (Annex I, Paragraph 4 (a)) 419
AI.4.2 Dredgers and vessels engaged in underwater operations (Annex I, Paragraph 4 (b)) 419
AI.5 Screens for sidelights 419
AI.6 Shapes 420
AI.7 Colour specifications of lights 420
AI.8 Intensity of lights 420
AI.9 Horizontal sectors 421
AI.10 Vertical sectors 424
AI.11 Intensity of non-electric lights 425
AI.12 Manoeuvring light 425
AI.13 High-speed craft* 427
AI.14 Approval 427
ANNEX II - Additional signals for fishing vessels fishing in close proximity
AII.1 General 429
AII.2 Signals for trawlers 429
AII.3 Pair trawling 430
AII.4 Signals for purse seiners 432
ANNEX III - Technical details of sound signal appliances
ANNEX IV - Distress signals
AIV.1.1 By day 440
AIV.1.2 At night 441
AIV.1.3 By day or at night 442
Bibliography 443
Index 444
AI.6 Shapes 420
AI.7 Colour specifications of lights 420
AI.8 Intensity of lights 420
AI.9 Horizontal sectors 421
AI.10 Vertical sectors 424
AI.11 Intensity of non-electric lights 425
AI.12 Manoeuvring light 425
AI.13 High-speed craft* 427
AI.14 Approval 427
ANNEX II - Additional signals for fishing vessels fishing in close proximity
AII.1 General 429
AII.2 Signals for trawlers 429
AII.3 Pair trawling 430
AII.4 Signals for purse seiners 432
ANNEX III - Technical details of sound signal appliances
ANNEX IV - Distress signals
AIV.1.1 By day 440
AIV.1.2 At night 441
AIV.1.3 By day or at night 442
Bibliography 443
Index 444
Pierre Deseck